Summary
Japan has two main traditions: Shinto and Buddhism. Shrines (jinja 神社) belong to Shinto and temples (tera お寺) belong to Buddhism. Many Japanese people visit both. This guide explains simple, practical differences so travelers can feel confident when visiting.
Key Facts
| Feature | Shrine (jinja 神社) | Temple (tera お寺) |
|---|---|---|
| Religion | Shinto | Buddhism |
| Main deity / image | kami (spirits, deities) | Buddha statues |
| Main hall | haiden (worship hall), honden (inner sanctuary) | hondo (main hall) |
| Entrance symbol | torii gate | temple gate (sanmon) |
| Leaders | kannushi (priests), miko (maidens) | monks / priests (sbosan) |
| Prayer style | Bow twice, clap twice, pray, bow once | Bow and join hands quietly (no clapping) |
| Common purpose | Blessings, good fortune, festivals | Memorials, study, peace of mind |
Shrines (Shinto)
Shinto honors kami — spirits of nature, ancestors, and ancient deities. A shrine is often the heart of its community and hosts seasonal festivals.
- Entrance marked by a torii gate.
- Main buildings: haiden (worship hall) and honden (inner sanctuary).
- Common purposes: New Year visits, blessings for health, business, safe travels, and local matsuri (festivals).
- Priests (kannushi) and shrine maidens (miko) wear traditional garments.
Photography may be restricted near sacred areas. Please follow on-site signs.
Temples (Buddhism)
Buddhism came to Japan from India via China and the Korean Peninsula. Temples are places to learn and practice Buddhist teachings.
- You will see Buddha statues, pagodas, and large incense burners.
- Main hall is called hondo.
- Monks and temple priests manage the grounds and rituals.
- Visitors usually bow and join their hands quietly — no clapping.
Photography may be restricted inside halls. Please follow on-site signs.
Common Mix-ups
In Japanese history, Shinto and Buddhism often blended. This is called shinbutsu shugo (神仏習合). Because of this history, you might find a temple bell at a shrine, or a small shrine within a temple. Don’t worry — it’s okay to visit both with respect.
- If unsure, check the entrance: torii = shrine; many Buddha images = temple.
- Follow the local style and any posted instructions.
- For step-by-step shrine prayer, see: How to Pray at a Shinto Shrine 🔗
Etiquette
- Shrine: Bow twice, clap twice, pray, bow once.
- Temple: Bow and join hands quietly (no clapping).
- Be quiet, dress modestly, and avoid eating or drinking within the grounds.
- Stay on paths and follow staff guidance.
- Photography may be restricted near sacred areas. Please follow on-site signs.
Note
This article explains simple, practical differences for travelers. It is not a full religious study. Local customs can vary by place and season; please follow on-site signs and guidance.
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